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Специалист использует знания акушера-гинеколога и онколога, разрабатывает индивидуальную программу лечения, учитывая особенности организма и образа жизни [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/).\n\n## Заболевания\nНекоторые заболевания, с которыми работает онкогинеколог: \n* **Рак шейки матки** — злокачественное новообразование, развивающееся в клетках шейки матки [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/). Часто ассоциируется с инфекцией вирусом папилломы человека (ВПЧ) [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/). \n* **Рак эндометрия** — опухоль, развивающаяся в слизистой оболочке матки [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/). Может проявляться аномальными маточными кровотечениями [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/). \n* **Рак яичников** — злокачественное образование, которое может возникать в одном или обоих яичниках [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/). Часто выявляется на поздних стадиях [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/). \n* **Рак влагалища** — опухоль, формирующаяся в тканях влагалища [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/). Может быть как первичным, так и вторичным, если опухоль метастазировала из других органов [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/). \n* **Рак наружных женских половых органов** — злокачественные новообразования, возникающие на губах или других частях внешних половых органов [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/). \n* **Доброкачественные опухоли** — миомы матки, кисты яичников, которые могут требовать наблюдения и, в некоторых случаях, лечения [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/). \n* **Предраковые состояния** — например, дисплазия шейки матки, которая может привести к раку, если её не диагностировать и не лечить вовремя [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/).\n\n## Диагностика\nОнкогинеколог может назначить: \n* **Гинекологический осмотр** — проверку состояния органов малого таза [1](https://new.nmicr.ru/pacientam/metody-diagnostiki-i-lechenija/konsultacija-onkoginekologa/)[6](https://fomin-clinic.ru/doctors/ginekolog-onkolog/). \n* **Дополнительные исследования** — анализы крови на онкомаркеры, мазки, биопсию, УЗИ органов малого таза, МРТ или КТ (по показаниям) [6](https://fomin-clinic.ru/doctors/ginekolog-onkolog/). \n* **Лабораторные анализы** — цитологию и жидкостную цитологию, биопсию эндометрия, шейки матки [6](https://fomin-clinic.ru/doctors/ginekolog-onkolog/).\n\n## Лечение\nТактика лечения подбирается в соответствии со стадией заболевания [12](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/rak-v-ginekologii-onkoginekologiya/). Некоторые методы: \n* **Хирургические операции** — удаление опухолей, части или всего поражённого органа, лимфатических узлов [12](https://fmbansk.ru/zabolevaniya/rak-v-ginekologii-onkoginekologiya/). \n* **Химиотерапия** — может быть проведена до операции (неоадъювантный режим) или после оперативного вмешательства (адъювантная терапия) [11](https://www.oncology-centr.ru/direction/lechenie-onkologicheskikh-bolnykh/lechenie-raka-matki/). \n* **Лучевая терапия** — может дополнять хирургическое вмешательство [11](https://www.oncology-centr.ru/direction/lechenie-onkologicheskikh-bolnykh/lechenie-raka-matki/). \n* **Таргетная и иммунотерапия** — современные препараты, активирующие иммунную систему для борьбы с опухолью [2](https://dcnn.ru/%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F).\n\n## Профилактика\nОнкогинеколог рекомендует: \n* **Регулярные осмотры у гинеколога** — частота должна увеличиваться с возрастом [14](https://djannis.ru/profilaktika-onkoginekologicheskih-zabolevaniy-v-kazani/). 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