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Рана может быть получена в результате травмы, операции, укола или других факторов [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/ranevaya-infektsiya/). \n\n**Опасность**: раневая инфекция может привести к сепсису — распространению бактерий по всему организму с током крови [3](https://ranavexim.ru/articles/chto-takoe-ranevaya-infektsiya-i-kak-ee-lechit/).\n\n\n\n## Причины\nВыделяют два источника раневой инфекции [5](https://ProBolezny.ru/ranevaya-infekciya/): \n1. **Первичное микробное загрязнение** [5](https://ProBolezny.ru/ranevaya-infekciya/): \n * **Экзогенное** — инфекция попадает в рану извне, например с инородным телом [5](https://ProBolezny.ru/ranevaya-infekciya/). \n * **Эндогенное** — в организме присутствует вялотекущее воспаление, при ослабленном иммунном ответе инфекция с лимфой или кровью попадает в рану [5](https://ProBolezny.ru/ranevaya-infekciya/). \n2. **Вторичное загрязнение (внутрибольничное)** — инфекция проникает в рану через время после травмы, например при операции [5](https://ProBolezny.ru/ranevaya-infekciya/). \n\n**Факторы риска**: ослабление иммунитета, хронические заболевания, лечение иммунодепрессантами, цитостатиками, стероидными гормонами, атеросклероз сосудов [3](https://ranavexim.ru/articles/chto-takoe-ranevaya-infektsiya-i-kak-ee-lechit/).\n\n## Симптомы\n**Местные признаки**: покраснение кожи вокруг раны, отёк, боль, усиливающаяся при прикосновении к поражённому участку [2](https://diamed-tula.ru/ranevaya-infekcziya). \n**Общие проявления**: повышение местной или общей температуры, признаки интоксикации: недомогание, слабость, апатия, тошнота и ломота [5](https://ProBolezny.ru/ranevaya-infekciya/). \n\n**При отсутствии адекватного лечения** инфекция может перейти в хроническую форму, что приведёт к устойчивым болям, формированию абсцессов и общему ухудшению состояния пациента [2](https://diamed-tula.ru/ranevaya-infekcziya).\n\n## Диагностика\n**Диагностика раневой инфекции включает**: \n* **Клинический осмотр** — врач оценивает степень воспаления и выделений [2](https://diamed-tula.ru/ranevaya-infekcziya). \n* **Лабораторные исследования** — возможно, потребуется сдать анализы (мазок из раны) для определения возбудителя инфекции и его чувствительности к антибиотикам [2](https://diamed-tula.ru/ranevaya-infekcziya).\n\n## Лечение\n**Лечение раневой инфекции зависит от степени её тяжести** [1](https://semeynaya.ru/directions/khirurgiya/ranevaya-infektsiya/). Некоторые методы: \n* **Лекарственные препараты**: антибиотики для борьбы с бактериальной инфекцией, противовоспалительные средства для уменьшения боли и воспаления, антисептики для обработки раны и предотвращения дальнейшего распространения инфекции [2](https://diamed-tula.ru/ranevaya-infekcziya). \n* **Хирургические вмешательства** — в некоторых случаях может потребоваться дренирование абсцессов для удаления гноя и улучшения заживления, удаление некротических тканей, если они препятствуют процессу восстановления [2](https://diamed-tula.ru/ranevaya-infekcziya). \n\n**Сроки лечения** определяются стадией патологического процесса [11](https://www.smclinic.ru/diseases/ranevaya-infektsiya/). 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